Bearing development

Time：

Oct 19,2022

The early form of linear motion bearing is a row of wooden poles placed under a row of skid plates. Modern linear motion bearings use the same working principle, but sometimes use a ball instead of a roller. The simplest type of rotating bearing is the bushing bearing, which is simply a bushing sandwiched between the wheel and the axle. This design was later replaced by rolling bearings, which replaced the bushing with a number of cylindrical rollers, each acting like a separate wheel.

An early example of a ball bearing was found on an ancient Roman ship built in 40 BC, found on Lake Nami in Italy: a wooden ball bearing was used to support a rotating table top. Leonardo Da Vinci is said to have described a ball bearing around 1500. Among the various immature factors of ball bearings, there is a very important point that there will be a collision between balls, causing additional friction. But this can be prevented by putting the ball in a cage. Galileo Galilei gave the first description of "cage ball" ball bearings in the 17th century. At the end of the 17th century, the British C. Vallow designed and manufactured ball bearings, and installed on the mail truck trial and the British P. Worth patented the ball bearing. The first practical rolling bearing with cage was invented by watchmaker John Harrison in 1760 for the H3 chronograph. At the end of the 18th century, H.R. Hertz of Germany published a paper on the contact stress of ball bearings. On the basis of Hertz's achievements, R. Streebeck in Germany, A. Palmgren in Sweden and others carried out A large number of experiments, and made contributions to the development of rolling bearing design theory and fatigue life calculation. Later, N.P. Petrov of Russia applied Newton's law of viscosity to calculate bearing friction. The first patent for a ball channel was granted by Philip Vaughan of Carmarthen in 1794.

In 1883, Friedrich Fischer laid the foundation of the bearing industry by proposing the use of suitable production machines to grind steel balls of the same size with accurate round. O. Reynolds in England made a mathematical analysis of Thor's discovery and derived the Reynolds equation, which laid the foundation of the theory of hydrodynamic lubrication.

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